How does improving his working memory help a child become more focused? When you improve working memory, you improve fluid IQ—the ability to solve problems or adapt to situations as they occur. Most kids who complete memory training become more alert to their surroundings. They are also more aware of social cues. Parents often report that their kids become more “mature.” They take charge of their chores without being nagged. They remember to bring books and materials to and from school.

How does Cogmed working-memory training work? A child logs on to the working-memory program, which is downloaded on his home computer. He completes eight exercises, each consisting of 15 trials. The exercises are in a video game format—with colorful graphics and crisp sound.In one exercise, he shoots down floating asteroids; in another, he recalls numbers in the reverse order in which they are given; in another, he remembers the sequence in which rows of lights turn on. The child uses his computer mouse to punch in the answers—and earns points along the way. The program stays a step ahead of the child’s ability, making exercises increasingly harder. A coaching meeting (or call) is scheduled once a week to talk with the parents and child, troubleshoot, and encourage the child.

Does the training work as well with girls as with boys, for both children and adults? It has been successful with young and old, and with both sexes. The training is rigorous, so few children under seven can stick with it.

How long is the training? The training runs five weeks, five days a week, aprox 30 mins a day (depending on age).

What percentage of kids show improvement after the training? About 75 to 80 percent of kids show improvement—that is, inattention and hyperactivity are reduced. Karolinska Institute researchers did functional MRIs of the children they studied. The MRIs showed physical changes in the brain’s pre-frontal and parietal regions after completing the training. At six-month and one-year follow-ups, about 80 percent of subjects maintained their working-memory gains or improved on them.

Are there any side effects? There have been no observed side effects. It doesn’t affect other therapies. 

Is working-memory training a substitute for medication? The program does not claim to replace medication. While many kids get good results on meds, drugs don’t usually manage all symptoms. Improving working memory can address those problems.